| 900-400 BC | Celtic tribes from Danube Valley crossed Rhine River into Gaul, Spain, and the British Isles. |
| Gallo-Roman era. Gaul part of Roman Empire. Trier is an important Roman city. | |
| 200-300 | Rhineland Franks began raids into northeastern Gaul. |
| 698 | St. Willibrord established monastery at Echternach. |
| 768 | Charlemagne, son of Pepin the Short, became King of the Franks. Established his capital at Aix-la-Chappelle. |
| 800 | Charlemagne crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III. |
| 950 | Siegfried, son of Wigeric, count of the Ardennes, given Echternach as fief by Otto I. |
| 962 | Otto I crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope John XII. |
| 963 | Siegfried began construction of castle on the Bock (beginnings of city of Luxembourg). |
| 963-1354 | City of Luxembourg grew up under protection of Siegfried's castle. County of Luxembourg became important feudal state. |
| 1308 | Count Henry IV becomes King of Germany. |
| 1312 | John the Blind crowned King of Bohemia, first of four Luxembourgish Kings to rule that country. |
| 1346 | Charles, eldest son of John the Blind, elected Holy Roman Emperor. |
| 1354 | Luxembourg raised to status of Duchy, with Wenceslas I as its first duke. |
| 1443-1555 | Period of Burgundian rule. |
| 1482 | Hapsburgs obtain Luxembourg. |
| 1517 | Beginning of Protestant Reformation in Germany. |
| 1519 | Charles of Ghent inherited Austria, Bohemia and Hungary upon death of his grandfather, Maximilian I. Elected Holy Roman Emperor in 1520 as Charles V. |
| 1521 | Charles V presided over Imperial Diet at Worms, which condemned the teachings of Martin Luther. |
| 1552-1554 | Large part of Luxembourg City, including Siegfried's castle, destroyed while under siege during war between Charles V and Francois I, King of France. 1588 Defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English ended Spanish hopes of reconquering the northern Netherlands. |
| 1618-1648 | Thirty Years War. |
| 1659 | Treaty of the Pyrenees ended war between France and Spain. France annexed part of Duchy of Luxembourg, including area around Thionville and Mamedy (First Partition of Luxembourg). |
| 1684-1697 | French rule Luxembourg. Vauban redesigned fortifications of city, making it into Gibraltar of the North. |
| 1697 | Treaty of Ryswick. Louis XIV forced to return Luxembourg to Spanish rule. |
| 1715-1795 | Austrian Hapsburgs ruled over the southern Netherlands, including the Duchy of Luxembourg. Time of peace and relative prosperity. |
| 1795 | French revolutionary armies captured fortress of Luxembourg after long siege. |
| 1795-1814 | French ruled Luxembourg, which became the Department of Forests. |
| 1798 | Kloppelkrieg. (Rising in protest against conscription of Luxembourgers into French army.) |
| 1815 | Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo. Congress of Vienna created Kingdom of the Netherlands, including Belgium and the former Dutch Republic. Luxembourg became a Grand Duchy, under the rule of the Netherlands. Eastern third of Luxembourg annexed by Prussia ( Second Partition of Luxembourg). |
| 1839 | First Treaty of London (Third Partition of Luxembourg) went into effect. Western part of the Grand Duchy became Belgian province of Luxembourg. Luxembourg is separated from Belgium, and becomes semi-independent, but ruled by the Netherlands. |
| 1841 | Large iron ore deposits discovered. |
| 1859 | First Luxembourg railroad opened. |
| 1867 | Second Treaty of London recognized independence and permanent neutrality of Luxembourg. Prussian garrison withdrew. Fortifications of Luxembourg to be dismantled. |
| 1884 | Thomas process of removing impurities from iron ore introduced into Luxembourg. Beginning of Luxembourg's rise as a major steel producer. |
| 1890 | Luxembourg gains full independence under a new royal house. |
| 1914-1918 | World War I. Luxembourg under German occupation. |
| 1918-1919 | Peace conference at Versailles. Belgium advanced claim to annex Luxembourg. Two American divisions occupied Grand Duchy. |
| 1939-1945 | World War II. |
| 1942 | Hitler proclaimed Luxembourg part of Third Reich. Conscription of Luxembourgers into German army began. General strike in protest put down with great severity. |
| 1944 | American 5th Armored Division entered Grand Duchy at Rodange on 9 September and liberated the city of Luxembourg on 10 September. |
| 16 Dec 1944- 18 Jan 1945 |
Battle of the Bulge (Rundstedt Offensive). German troops reoccupied northern Belgium and Luxembourg. American Third Army under Patton entered Luxembourg and raced north to defeat the Germans and drive them out of Luxembourg again. |
| 1963 | Luxembourg celebrated 1000th anniversary of the founding of the city. |